{"id":244,"date":"2023-12-31T10:48:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-31T10:48:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/?p=244"},"modified":"2024-03-05T22:06:14","modified_gmt":"2024-03-05T22:06:14","slug":"244","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/?p=244","title":{"rendered":"Hrad \u0160umburk zvan\u00fd tak\u00e9 \u0160umn\u00e1 &#8211; Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 z\u0159\u00edcenina gotick\u00e9ho hradu nedaleko Kl\u00e1\u0161terce nad Oh\u0159\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8220;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8220;4.24.2&#8243; hover_enabled=&#8220;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8220;{}&#8220; sticky_enabled=&#8220;0&#8243; custom_padding=&#8220;0px||||false|false&#8220;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8220;4.24.2&#8243; background_size=&#8220;initial&#8220; background_position=&#8220;top_left&#8220; background_repeat=&#8220;repeat&#8220; custom_margin=&#8220;||||false|false&#8220; hover_enabled=&#8220;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8220;{}&#8220; custom_padding=&#8220;0px||||false|false&#8220; sticky_enabled=&#8220;0&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8220;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8220;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8220;|||&#8220; global_colors_info=&#8220;{}&#8220; custom_padding__hover=&#8220;|||&#8220;][et_pb_video src=&#8220;https:\/\/youtu.be\/k3qeGxfT1Mw&#8220; disabled_on=&#8220;on|on|on&#8220; _builder_version=&#8220;4.23.1&#8243; _module_preset=&#8220;default&#8220; disabled=&#8220;on&#8220; global_colors_info=&#8220;{}&#8220;][\/et_pb_video][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8220;4.24.2&#8243; background_size=&#8220;initial&#8220; background_position=&#8220;top_left&#8220; background_repeat=&#8220;repeat&#8220; custom_margin=&#8220;||||false|false&#8220; custom_padding=&#8220;0px||||false|false&#8220; hover_enabled=&#8220;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8220;{}&#8220; sticky_enabled=&#8220;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><!-- divi:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hrad \u0160umburk zn\u00e1m\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako \u0160umn\u00e1 je pam\u00e1tkov\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 z\u0159\u00edcenina gotick\u00e9ho hradu z 15. stolet\u00ed nedaleko Kl\u00e1\u0161terce nad Oh\u0159\u00ed. Le\u017e\u00ed v nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce 540 metr\u016f a je to rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 z\u0159\u00edcenina, kter\u00e1 nejen stoj\u00ed za vid\u011bn\u00ed, ale je z n\u00ed i n\u00e1dhern\u00fd v\u00fdhled do daleka. Hrad zalo\u017eili \u0160umburkov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed do \u010cech p\u0159i\u0161li na pozv\u00e1n\u00ed kr\u00e1le V\u00e1clava I. ji\u017e v roce 1249. Jde to star\u00fd \u0161lechtick\u00fd rod ze Saska-Anhaltska, kter\u00fd se usadil nejd\u0159\u00edve v D\u011b\u010d\u00edn\u011b. Jejich potomci se velmi rychle vypracovali a o p\u016fl stolet\u00ed pozd\u011bji ji\u017e Bed\u0159ich ze \u0160umburka byl podkomo\u0159\u00edm, tedy vysok\u00fdm stavovsk\u00fdm \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edkem, kter\u00fd m\u011bl na starosti spr\u00e1vu kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdch m\u011bst. Bed\u0159ich se roku 1306 stal i z\u00e1stavn\u00edm majitelem m\u011bsta Kadan\u011b. Jeho synov\u00e9 ov\u0161em Kada\u0148sko vr\u00e1tili Janu Lucembursk\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd jim povolil nechat si jeho \u010d\u00e1st jako vlastn\u00ed panstv\u00ed s hradem Per\u0161tejn. Ov\u0161em ve 30t\u00fdch letech 15. stolet\u00ed se mezi sebou rozh\u00e1dali bratranci Ale\u0161 a Vil\u00e9m ze \u0160umburka a spor vyvrcholil rozd\u011blen\u00edm cel\u00e9ho rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho panstv\u00ed hradu Per\u0161tejn. Vil\u00e9m pak z\u00edskal \u0159adu vesnic jako Podmilesy, Nezabylice, Mikulovice, R\u00e1jov, Kamenn\u00e9, Kunov a dal\u0161\u00ed a k tomu je\u0161t\u011b 500 kop gro\u0161\u016f. A rozhodl se vystav\u011bt pro sebe vlastn\u00ed hrad &#8211; hrad \u0160umburk. Byl postaven v letech 1431 a\u017e 1435. Ale Vil\u00e9m ze \u0160umburka nem\u011bl jen probl\u00e9m s bratrancem, ale spor m\u011bl i se sv\u00fdm sousedem, kter\u00fd s\u00eddlil na nedalek\u00e9m hrad\u011b Egerberk, jeho\u017e tehdej\u0161\u00ed majitel Wend z Ilburka zp\u016fsobil Vil\u00e9movi velk\u00e9 \u0161kody a pobral mu mimo jin\u00e9 tak\u00e9 kon\u011b a dobytek. Spor pak \u0159e\u0161il dvorsk\u00fd soud, ke kter\u00e9mu se Wend ov\u0161em ani nedostavil. V jeho nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti p\u0159esto soud rozhodl, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1st Wendova majetku ve v\u00fd\u0161i 2000 h\u0159iven st\u0159\u00edbra propadne ve prosp\u011bch Vil\u00e9ma ze \u0160umburka. Wend tento rozsudek zcela ignoroval. V\u00fdsledkem bylo, \u017ee se Vil\u00e9m nakonec rozhodl vz\u00edt spravedlnost do vlastn\u00edch rukou a se svou dru\u017einou v l\u00e9t\u011b 1439 tajn\u011b p\u0159it\u00e1hl k hradu Egerberk, ukryl se v lese a podplatil \u010d\u00e1st pos\u00e1dky hradu, kter\u00e1 pak ve vhodn\u00fd okam\u017eik vyt\u00e1hla po provazech \u0160umburkovy voj\u00e1ky nahoru do hradu. Wend z Ilburka, kter\u00fd se ocitl r\u00e1zem v pasti se sna\u017eil z hradu ut\u00e9ct, ale p\u0159i seskoku z hradeb si zlomil nohu a byl zajat a uv\u011bzn\u011bn. Ve v\u011bzen\u00ed ho pak bez j\u00eddla dr\u017eeli tak dlouho, dokud nezem\u0159el. Vil\u00e9m ze \u0160umburka si potom nechal v cen\u011b pokuty 2000 h\u0159iven, ur\u010den\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edve soudem, zapsat do dvorsk\u00fdch desek hrad Egerberk, kter\u00fd n\u011bkolik let na to prodal Jakoubkovi z V\u0159esovic.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vil\u00e9m ze \u0160umburka ale panstv\u00ed pomalu rozprod\u00e1val a roku 1449 prodal i Kl\u00e1\u0161terec nad Oh\u0159\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b hradu \u0160umburk Vil\u00e9movi z Ilburka. Ten jej ale dlouho nedr\u017eel, proto\u017ee hrad po 4 letech v roce 1453 prodal rodu Fictum\u016f. Ti hrad v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159estav\u011bli mj. nechali postavit i vnit\u0159n\u00ed pal\u00e1c tzv. Nov\u00fd d\u016fm a p\u0159ikoupili dal\u0161\u00ed statky. V roce 1512 dos\u00e1hli dokonce vyjmut\u00ed panstv\u00ed z l\u00e9na a jeho p\u0159eveden\u00ed do d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e9ho vlastnictv\u00ed. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm vlastn\u00edkem byl Opl z Fictumu, kter\u00fd byl i kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdm podkomo\u0159\u00edm. P\u0159i korunovaci Ferdinanda I. Habsbursk\u00e9ho roku 1527 dokonce nesl panovn\u00edk\u016fv me\u010d. Jen\u017ee tento v\u00e1\u017een\u00fd \u0161lechtic se jen 3 roky na to zapletl do pen\u011bzokazectv\u00ed. To byl v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd zlo\u010din, kter\u00fd se ve st\u0159edov\u011bku mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b krut\u011b trestal. A to t\u0159eba up\u00e1len\u00edm nebo uva\u0159en\u00edm ve vrouc\u00edm oleji. Tak\u017ee nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee Opl hned potom co p\u0159epsal ve\u0161ker\u00fd majetek na sv\u00e9 bratry, okam\u017eit\u011b uprchnul do ciziny. Tento p\u0159evod, ale kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e1 komora neuznala a panstv\u00ed stejn\u011b zabavila. Kr\u00e1l pak \u0160umbursk\u00e9 panstv\u00ed p\u0159evedl na bratry Hanu\u0161e a Volfa z Fictumu, kte\u0159\u00ed jej potom obratem prodali zp\u011bt rodu \u0160umburk\u016f v roce 1559, ale v t\u00e9 dob\u011b u\u017e byl hrad jen ruina. N\u011bkdy kolem roku 1550 hrad zachv\u00e1til velk\u00fd po\u017e\u00e1r a tak\u0159ka cel\u00fd vyho\u0159el. Od po\u010d\u00e1tku 17. stolet\u00ed je uv\u00e1d\u011bn ji\u017e jen jako pust\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hrad se p\u016fvodn\u011b skl\u00e1dal z \u010dtvercov\u00e9ho obytn\u00e9ho pal\u00e1ce tzv. Donjonu, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1nila okru\u017en\u00ed hradba s \u010dtverhrann\u00fdmi ba\u0161tami. Pozd\u011bji bylo p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 n\u00e1dvo\u0159\u00ed postupn\u011b dopl\u0148ov\u00e1no dal\u0161\u00edmi objekty. Star\u00e1 v\u011b\u017e byla ze t\u0159\u00ed stran dostav\u011bna obytn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edstavky. Okolo hradn\u00edho j\u00e1dra byl ve sk\u00e1le vytes\u00e1n p\u0159\u00edkop a cesta k n\u011bmu stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed pod\u00e9l ji\u017en\u00edho \u00fabo\u010d\u00ed byla opevn\u011bna hradbou s t\u0159emi kulisov\u00fdmi branami. T\u0159et\u00ed z nich m\u011bla st\u011b\u017eejkov\u00fd padac\u00ed most. Dominantou j\u00e1dra hradu byla obytn\u00e1 v\u011b\u017e, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla v p\u0159\u00edzem\u00ed dv\u011b m\u00edstnosti spojen\u00e9 p\u016flkruhov\u00fdm port\u00e1lem. V prvn\u00edm pat\u0159e byly t\u0159i prot\u00e1hl\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti s valenou klenbou a dal\u0161\u00ed dv\u011b patra m\u011bly po jedn\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti. V\u011b\u017e se dochovala do v\u00fd\u0161e \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho patra. Pozd\u011bji byl na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed stran\u011b postaven nov\u00fd trojprostorov\u00fd pal\u00e1c, kter\u00fd poskytoval o n\u011bco vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed komfort bydlen\u00ed. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 je i poloha hradu na osamocen\u00e9m vrcholu kopce, d\u00edky kter\u00e9 nemohl b\u00fdt hrad ohro\u017eov\u00e1n palbou z d\u011bl.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Je to rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 z\u0159\u00edcenina, kter\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u011b stoj\u00ed za vid\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!-- \/divi:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8220;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8220;default&#8220; custom_margin=&#8220;||||false|false&#8220; global_colors_info=&#8220;{}&#8220;]<iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border:none\" src=\"https:\/\/frame.mapy.cz\/s\/lekesulupa\" width=\"1920\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hrad \u0160umburk zn\u00e1m\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako \u0160umn\u00e1 je pam\u00e1tkov\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 z\u0159\u00edcenina gotick\u00e9ho hradu z 15. stolet\u00ed nedaleko Kl\u00e1\u0161terce nad Oh\u0159\u00ed. Le\u017e\u00ed v nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce 540 metr\u016f a je to rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 z\u0159\u00edcenina, kter\u00e1 nejen stoj\u00ed za vid\u011bn\u00ed, ale je z n\u00ed i n\u00e1dhern\u00fd v\u00fdhled do daleka. Hrad zalo\u017eili \u0160umburkov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed do \u010cech p\u0159i\u0161li na pozv\u00e1n\u00ed kr\u00e1le V\u00e1clava [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":377,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[7,51,52,24,33],"class_list":["post-244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kam-vyrazit","tag-hrad","tag-sumburk","tag-sumna","tag-vylet","tag-zricenina-2","et_post_format-et-post-format-video","et-has-post-format-content"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=244"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":635,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions\/635"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/377"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamvyrazitnavylet.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}